Brick-keust



i T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JESSE RUSSELL, of Elkton, in the countyEof Todd and State of U .Kentucky, have made certain new and useful Improvements inthe Manner of Constructing Kilns forBurning Brick; and I do hereby declare that the following is, a i full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makinga part thereof,in which Figure 1, represents a side view; Fig. 2, represents a longitudinal vertical section through the center ofthe kiln; Fig. 3, represents an end view,and Fig. 4: a vertical cross section through one of the fiues. .Similar letters in the several figures denote like parts. f 1 y The nature of my invention consists in f placing the furnaces or fire; chambers without the walls of the kiln, and introducing the heated products of combustion to the brick to be burntthrough avenues or pasfsages leading fromthefire chamberto the oppositeside of the kiln,by which means I economize fuel, keep the fires within easy "access for the attendant, diminish the numberoffires and arches,- "andjburn the brick with lmore uniformitylhan by any other means of which) I have knowledge.

To enableothers skilled in the art to make and use my inventionI will proceed to describe the same withreference to the draw- 1 in s.

llhesidesfand ends of the kiln maybe builtin any ofthe well known ways, and of any suitable material. On one of the sides A, of the kiln I build, furnace walls B, cf- 31 tirely withoutonbutside of the' kilnzwall, andwithin these furnace walls atabout the distance "of four feet. from each other is placed the fire chambers C, C, &c., the number of which willfdependupon the length of the kiln. These fire chambers are suitably provided with doors D, D, &c., grate bars a, a, a, &c.,and anash pit 0, 0, 0 through the firechamber which I havefound best in practice, is one capable of burning wood placing them outside ofthe kiln are easily 'whichdraft is supplied to the fire chamber about two and ahalffeetin length, and by 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BRICK-KILN.

& Specification of LettersPatent No. 12,521, dated March 13, 1855.

supplied, and the ash pit being within the easy control of the attendant can be cleaned, at all times and thus preserve constant draft.

The red line at E, Fig. 1, represents the height of the arch over the fire chamber, and in the section Fig. 2, the height of the arches over. the avenues or'passages F, are represented by the black line, showing an increase in the height. These avenues extend entirely across the kiln and it will not be found necessary to fire the kiln from both sides, as is heretofore universally practiced;

To do so would cause an additional consumption of fuel, without accomplishing any useful result, as I have succeeded in perfectly burning the kiln, and with a regularity,

never, to my knowledge, heretofore attained,

gith the fire entirely on one side of the The bricks to be burnt may be stacked up, in the usual well known forms, within the kiln, the only difference being that,

fewer avenues are required, and thicker walls between them, as but about half, of the furnaces heretofore required, will be found necessary with my modification of kiln.

By placing the fire chambers outside of the kiln I entirely prevent the vitrifying of bricks in the arches, or their twisting and choking of the small passages between -themdistribute a more uniform degree of heat through the kiln, and thereby burn the kiln of brick with greater regularity. it Having thus fully described the nature of my invention what I claim therein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is The arranging of the fire chambers. outside of the kiln, and introducing the products of combustion to the brick to be burnt, through avenues or passages extending from the fire chambers entirely across the kiln, when saidfires are placed and used on one scribed.

. JESSE RUSSELL.

Witnesses: H. R. SITTELL,

R. COULTER.

side of the kiln only, substantially as de- 

